This Synthesis Report (SYR)of the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6)summarises the state of knowledge of dimate change,its widespreadimpacts and risks,and climate change mitigation and adaptation,basedon the peer-reviewed scientific,technical and socio-economic literaturesince the publication of the IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)in
2014.
The assessment is undertaken within the context of the evolvinginternational landscape,in particular,developments in the UNFramework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCO)process,induding the outcomes of the Kyoto Protocol and the adoption of theParis Agreement.It reflects the increasing diversity of those involved indimate action.
This report integrates the main findings of the AR6 Working Groupreports and the three AR6 Special Reports.It recognizes theinterdependence of dimate,ecosystems and biodiversity,and humansocieties;the value of diverse forms of knowledge;and the closeinkages between climate change adaptation,mitigation,ecosystemhealth,human well-being and sustainable development.Building onmultiple analytical frameworks,induding those from the physical andsocial sciences,this report identifies opportunities for transformativeaction which are effecive,feasible,just and equitable using conceptsof systems transitions and resilient development pathways60.Differentregional classification schemes”are used for physical,social andeconomic aspects,reflecting the underlying literature.
After this introduction,Section 2,’Current Status and Trends’,openswith the assessment of observational evidence for our changingdimate,historical and current drivers of human-induced climatechange,and its impacts.It assesses the current implementation ofadaptation and mitigation response options.Section 3,’Long-TermClimate and Development Futures’,provides a long-term assessment ofdimate change to 2100 and beyond in a broad range ofsocio-economicfutures.It considers long-term characteristics,impacts,risks and costsin adaptation and mitigation pathways in the context of sustainabledevelopment.Section 4,’Near-Term Responses in a Changing Climate’,assesses opportunities for scaling up effective action in the period up
to 2040,in the context of climate pledges and commitments,and thepursuit of sustainable development.
Based on sdientific understanding,key findings can be formulated asstatements of fact or associated with an assessed level of confidenceusing the IPCC calibrated language.The scientific findings aredrawn from the underlying reports and arise from their Summary forPolicymakers(hereafter SPM),Technical Summary(hereafter TS),andunderlying chapters and are indicated by brackets.Figure 1.1 showsthe Synthesis Report Figures Key,a guide to visual icons that are usedacross multiple figures within this report.
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